中国業務
China Related Services
経済大国に成長した中国は、従来の生産基地としてのみならず、巨大な消費市場として、今後も成長し続けることが見込まれます。中国への投資や中国企業との取引の際には、的確なリーガル戦略が必要不可欠であります。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、模倣品対策等の知的財産権保護などの分野に及びます。
China, which has grown into an economic superpower, is expected to keep growing as a giant consumer market as well as a conventional manufacturing base. For investing in China and dealing with Chinese companies, accurate legal strategies are essential.
Our firm can provide high quality legal services in Japanese, Chinese and English by our lawyers who are well-versed in each field and who work with each other with regard to different legal problems between Japan and China, and as necessary, we collaborate with a top-class law firm in China with whom we have a long-standing relationship.
The services we offer cover a wide range, including consideration of an investment scheme to China, M&A, different kinds of support to local subsidiaries, intellectual property rights protection such as against counterfeit products, various international transactions between Japan and China, labor affairs, and product liability.
In addition, with respect to projects of investment of Chinese companies and individuals into Japan, we supply Chinese companies and Japanese companies with comprehensive advice about both Japanese laws and Chinese laws.
会計・税務サポートSupport for Accounting and Tax Practice
中国の会計・税務制度は日本とは異なる部分が多く存在します。例えば、会計処理上、中国では基本的に「現金主義による記帳」制度を採用し、また経営活動における企業の資金の流れも税務当局により厳しくチェックされ、まるでゼロサムゲームのような税体制を取っています。このような多くの違いから、実務上、日本の本社と現地法人との間には財務処理上の考え方のギャップが生じ、業務効率の低下を招くこともあります。
中国においては、日本型の節税対策は通用しないものの、事業ごとに投資や運営上最適なスキームを設定することで、節税効果を得られる場合もあります。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、日本本社や中国現地法人の双方の観点から、中国における会計・税務の制度に対するアドバイスのみならず、節税目的の経営スキームの設計についても、専門的なサービスを提供しています。
The accounting and tax systems of China are different from those of Japan in many aspects. For example, China adopts a “cash-basis booking” system basically for accounting, and the authorities stringently control the flow of funds of companies in their business activities, as if the tax system China uses were a zero-sum game. From these many discrepancies, a gap arises between the headquarters in Japan and a local subsidiary in China with respect to a view of financial processing, resulting in decreased operation efficiency.
While the Japanese way of tax saving does not work in China, some tax saving effects can be achieved by devising an optimal scheme of investment and operation for each business.
From viewpoints of both the Japanese headquarters and their Chinese local subsidiaries, our firm provides not only advice on the Chinese accounting and tax systems but also professional services on designing a business administration scheme for tax saving purposes.
アンチ・ダンピング案件Anti-Dumping Cases
近年、中国では国内産業の保護の目的もあり、商務部によるアンチ・ダンピング調査が急増しています。アンチ・ダンピング関税措置とは、輸出国の国内価格よりも低い価格による輸出(ダンピング(不当廉売)輸出)が、輸入国の国内産業に被害を与えている場合に、ダンピング価格を正常な価格に是正する目的で、価格差相当額以下で賦課される特別な関税措置をいいます。
アンチ・ダンピング調査の立件が決定された場合、被調査対象者は、立件から20日以内に応訴を申し出る旨を登記しなければならず、その後質問状に対する回答書を、原則として37日以内に提出しなければなりません。
このように、アンチ・ダンピング案件では、何より即時での対応が求められます。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、日本の弁護士と中国の弁護士が連携し、アンチ・ダンピング関連の回答書・反論書の作成サービスだけではなく、必要に応じて現地の法律事務所と協力しながら、実際に行われる調査に立会う等、幅広く対応しています。
In recent years, there have been a rapidly increasing number of cases in which the Ministry of Commerce conducts a survey of anti-dumping, partly because China wants to protect the domestic industries. The anti-dumping duty is a special duty imposed on the exports that are sold by a exporting country at a lower price in an importing country than in the exporting country (dumping export) and that will damage the domestic industries in the importing country, such that the value of the duty is equal to or lower than the difference in price in order to correct the dumping price to a reasonable one.
If a case of an anti-dumping survey is determined to be built, the one who responds to a survey has to register them as a respondent within 20 days after the case is built, and then they have to submit a written reply to the document of questions within 37 days in principle.
In this manner, an anti-dumping case requires an immediate response above all.
Our firm provides a wide range of services by which Japanese lawyers not only collaborate with Chinese counterparts in preparing a reply and counterstatement on anti-dumping but also work together with a local law firm as necessary to attend at a survey being actually conducted.
模倣品対策等の知財保護Intellectual Property Rights Protection against Counterfeit Products, etc.
中国では、従来より模倣品が密かに市場で流通する状況が続いており、外国の著名な商標が中国で無断で登録されるという事案も少なくありません。
このような被害を最小限に止めるには、中国における知的財産権の侵害行為に対して断固たる対策を講じる必要があります。
なお、中国子会社や中国企業を相手とする知的財産権の譲渡およびライセンシングの際、中国の法規制として、技術輸出入管理条例、中国企業との共同研究開発に関する規制などが存在し、それを遵守しなければなりません。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、中国における特許や商標等の権利取得はもちろんのこと、紛争予防を目的とする契約書や各種社内規則の作成など、幅広く対応しています。
Under the situation where counterfeit products have conventionally been circulated in the Chinese market in a secret manner, there are not a few cases in which famous foreign trade marks are registered without permission.
To minimize such a damage, a resolute action has to be taken against a violation of an intellectual property right in China.
When an intellectual property right is assigned or licensed to a Chinese affiliate or company, the Chinese laws require compliance with technology export and import management ordinance, regulation on research and development joint with a Chinese company, and other regulations.
We provide a wide range of services including preparation of contracts and various internal rules for purposes of preventing disputes, not to mention acquisition of an entitlement to a patent and a trade mark in China.
各種契約案件Various Contracts
中国の企業及び個人と契約を締結する際、国内取引とは異なる留意点が数多く存在します。例えば、日中両国間においては、互いに他国の判決を認め合うという条約がないことから、判決の権利執行が現実的に不可能となることもあり、契約書の紛争解決手段として仲裁を選択すべきであります。
なお、中国企業との契約は、中国法の規制を受けていて、特に合弁契約、知的財産のライセンス契約等は、中国当局に届出を行う必要もあり、契約の際は特に内容に注意を払う必要があります。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、長い間蓄積した経験に基づいて、クライアントの日々の国際商取引を総合的にサポートします。なお、万が一、中国企業又は個人と契約の紛争に陥った場合でも、和解交渉や訴訟・仲裁などの法的手続の最後までシームレスにクライアントの利益を守ります。
To sign a contract with a Chinese company and individual, attention has to be paid to a lot of things, which may not be necessary in the case of domestic transactions. For example, Japan and China do not have a treaty based on which they accept each other’s judgement, and in some cases, enforcement of a right by judgement is practically impossible, which means that arbitration should be selected as a means of solution to a dispute on a contract.
Conclusion of a contract with a Chinese company is regulated under the Chinese laws, and in particular a joint venture contract and an intellectual property right license contract have to be registered at the Chinese authorities, which means that careful attention has to be paid to the contents of such contracts before they are signed.
Our firm provides comprehensive support to our clients’ daily international transactions from the experience accumulated for years. Even if a contractual dispute arises between you and a Chinese company or individual, we will protect your benefits seamlessly until the end of the legal procedures in settlement talks and lawsuits/arbitration.
各種翻訳Translation of Various Documents
中国の法令、中文契約書、和文契約書等の法律に関連する文書及び文言は、法知識がなければ適切な翻訳を行うことはできません。契約書の翻訳ミスにより紛争になる場合もあります。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、法律に関連する文書及び文言に対して厳密に対応しており、さらに、日中双方のネイティブの翻訳エキスパートによる厳格なチェック及び品質管理を行っており、他所にない質の高い翻訳サービスを提供しています。
Without legal knowledge, correct translation will not be done for legal documents and words, such as the Chinese laws and rules, contracts written in Chinese, contracts in Japanese, etc. A dispute may arise from mistranslation of a contract.
We check out legal documents and words strictly, and both Japanese and Chinese native expert translators exercise stringent proofreading and quality control to supply high quality translation services which no other firm can.
中国企業による対日投資案件Investments of Chinese Companies into Japan
中国国企業や個人による、対日投資は年々拡大する傾向にあります。対日投資の具体的な方法として、日本で新会社を設立する方法や既存の日本の会社を譲り受ける方法などがあります。
直接投資の場合、原則は事後報告制でありますが、一部は事前届出制が取られています。さらに、業種によっては個別法で規制があったり(例えば電気通信事業など)、届出、登録、報告等の行政上の手続きが必要な場合もあります。
ユニバーサル特許商標事務所では、対日投資案件について、クライアントのニーズに合わせて、投資方法の選択、日本法人の設立手続や設立後の登記の代行を含む、各種サービスを提供しています。
There has been a growing trend year after year for Chinese companies and individuals to make an investment in Japan. Concrete examples of investment in Japan include starting a new company in Japan and obtaining an existing Japanese company by transfer.
A direct investment can be reported after the fact in principle, while the prior notification system applies in some cases. In addition, depending on the type of business, an individual law (for example, a telecommunications business law) may apply, and the administrative procedures may be required, such as notifying, registering and reporting.
Our wide variety of services are tailored to the clients’ needs in their projects of investment in Japan, including selection of an investment method, performance of procedures for incorporating a Japanese company and registration by proxy after the incorporation.